Contribute to someone developing major depression
Questions
1. Seasonal Affective Disorder ("SAD") is best treated with:
A. SSRI antidepressant medications
B. electro-convulsive therapy (ECT)
C. tricyclic antidepressants
D. light therapy
2. Which of the following is considered an emotional symptom of depression?
A. experiences of sadness
B. a negative view of oneself
C. lack of desire to eat
D. staying in bed for hours during the day
3. "Second generation" antidepressant medications, which went on to become extremely popular beginning in the 1990`s, are called:
A. anti-psychotic medications
B. SSRI`s
C. tricyclic antidepressants
D. mood stabilizers
4. A depressed person who is confused, unable to remember things, and unable to solve problems is suffering from ______symptoms of depression.
A. motivational
B. cognitive
C. emotional
D. behavioral
5. Martin Seligman developed a theory based on the idea that ________________ was (were) a frequent cause of major depression.
A. one`s biology and/or genes
B. learned helplessness
C. anger turned inward (i.e, turned toward the "self")
D. the cognitive triad
6. People experiencing mania (manic symptoms):
A. are aware of their domineering, excessive behaviors.
B. over-eat and sleep too much.
C. want excitement and activity.
D. feel low-self esteem.
7. In Martin Seligman`s dog experiments:
A. the depressed dogs learned over time that they could cut off the electric shock through some action of their own
B. the depressed dogs were given nothing to du all day and seemed to become depressed because of that factor
C. the depressed dogs could not stop the electric shock no matter what they did
D. depressed dogs were set free to roam the streets after the experiment which led them to become happy (i.e., not depressed any longer)
8. What does the most recent research tell us about genetic factors in the development of bipolar disorder?
A. a number of genes probably contribute to bipolar disorder.
B. it is a sex-linked disorder that can only be passed from father to son, or from mother to daughter.
C. it is linked to the Y chromosome, which is why bipolar disorder is more prevalent or common in men (vs. women).
D. it is found exclusively on the X chromosome.
9. Increasing the number of pleasurable activities a depressed person engages in daily is most likely to be a goal of _________ therapy.
A. psychopharmacological
B. psychoanalysis (psychodynamic)
C. humanistic
D. behavioral
10. The most common pattern of mood disorder is:
A. psychotic depression
B. bipolar disorder.
C. seasonal affective disorder.
D. unipolar depression.
11. Which of the following factors would be most likely to contribute to someone developing a Major Depression?
A. a person`s current level of stress in adulthood
B. a person`s negative childhood experiences
C. "causal" factors vary depending upon the person
D. a person`s biology, including genes and brain abnormalities
12. One of the side effects of ECT is:
A. psychosis.
B. mania.
C. memory loss.
D. intensification of the depression.
13. Which of the following statements about mood disorders is most true?
A. People who have major depressive disorder are likely to later develop bipolar disorder if they don`t get treatment.
B. People who have major depressive disorder tend to see themselves, their world and their future in a negative way.
C. People who have major depressive disorder are likely to develop a substance use disorder eventually if they don`t get treatment.
D. People who have major depressive disorder will eventually become suicidal if they don`t get treatment.
14. Women are _____ as likely as men to experience episodes of severe unipolar depression (i.e., major depressive disorder).
A. two times
B. three times
C. four times
D. one and one-half times
15. Which theorist is credited with starting COGNITIVE THERAPY and also formulating the concept of the "cognitive triad of depression"?
A. Elizabeth Loftus
B. Sigmund Freud
C. Martin Seligman
D. Aaron Beck
16. Which of the following symptoms would be very typical of someone who is suffering with a major depressive episode?
A. high self-esteem, eating too little, sleeping too little
B. reckless, impulsive, even dangerous behaviors
C. low energy, poor concentration, low self-esteem
D. lack of pleasure in things, but with good concentration and energy level
17. Research now suggests that after a person has been successfully treated for depression, he or she:
A. must go for short stays in the hospital at least once per year for a few years, to maintain relief.
B. needs some type of continuation or maintenance therapy.
C. can safely stop treatment.
D. needs to try a different type of therapy to reinforce what has been learned in therapy thus far.
18. Electroconvulsive therapy would be most likely be recommended when a person:
A. is suffering from severe depression that has not responded to antidepressant drugs.
B. is suffering from an episode of depression that is mild to moderate in severity.
C. the person is suffering from a severe depression and psychotherapy has not helped.
D. is judged by a psychiatrist or psychologist to NOT BE at significant risk for suicide.
19. Rosa mood swings between periods of very low depression and pessimistic thinking, and periods of feeling extremely enthusiastic and optimistic about the future. Her physician is most likely to recommend treatment with:
A. effexor.
B. lithium.
C. prozac.
D. electroconvulsive therapy.
20. The disorder that is characterized by eating binges followed by forced vomiting is called:
A. anorexia nervosa.
B. bulimia nervosa.
C. obesity.
D. obsession.
21. In the 1940s a group of volunteers was put on a semistarvation diet for 6 months. During the latter part of the study:
A. they never thought about food because it made them hungry.
B. they tended to avoid meals because they did not get enough food.
C. the volunteers thought about food all the time.
D. several of the volunteers became anorexic.
22. ____________ a key characteristic found in women with anorexia nervosa:
A. overeating.
B. vomiting.
C. a history of having been overweight before developing anorexia nervosa.
D. amenorrhea.
23. Most people who are diagnosed with bulimia nervosa ___________, compared with people who are diagnosed with anorexia nervosa.
A. have obsessive thoughts about food
B. are younger
C. have less education
D. have relatively normal weight
24. For people with bulimia nervosa, binge episodes produce feelings of:
A. guilt and depression.
B. satisfaction.
C. control.
D. anxiety and mania.
25. The currently accepted view of eating disorders is that its cause is:
A. multidimensional.
B. biological.
C. behavioral.
D. cognitive.
26. A recent study showed that the more time spent on Facebook, the greater the likelihood of experiencing an eating disorder among adolescent girls. This result is most consistent with which perspective in psychology?
A. biological
B. Freudian psychoanalysis
C. behavioral
D. sociocultural
27. Family members are overinvolved in each other`s lives, but are affectionate and loyal. This description fits Minuchin`s definition of an:
A. autonomous family pattern.
B. underfunctioning family pattern.
C. enmeshed family pattern.
D. institutionalized family pattern.
28. The first step in treating anorexia nervosa is to:
A. correct maladaptive thought patterns.
B. resolve unresolved oral conflicts.
C. help the person to start to regain the lost weight.
D. correct family coping patterns.
29. Lasting improvement for a person with anorexia nervosa depends on:
A. drug therapy over several years.
B. addressing underlying psychological problems.
C. continuing medical treatment.
D. recognizing the need to ignore messages in the media about weight.
30. The "cognitive triad" in depression is seeing these 3 things in a negative, pessimistic way"
A. one`s mother, one`s father, other relatives
B. the self, the future, the environment
C. social relationships, one`s finances, one`s future
D. one`s childhood, one`s current life, and the future