Explain what is meant by the terms pharmacogenomics and pharmacometabonomics.

Question 1. Answer ALL parts of this question

(a) Explain what is meant by the terms pharmacogenomics and pharmacometabonomics.

(b) Describe how pharmacogenomics and pharmacometabonomics can help deliver personalised medicine. In particular, describe with examples the following:

(i) how genetic differences between people can affect the interaction between a drug and the patient.

(ii) how environmental factors may affect a patient`s response to a drug

Question 2. Answer ALL parts of this question
(a) Answer BOTH parts.

(i) Describe 2 different strategies for targeting the Epidermal Growth Factor signalling pathway in cancer. Include named examples of drugs developed from these strategies in your answer..

(ii) Briefly explain why screening for RAS mutations is recommended before prescribing Erbitux.

(b) cis-Platin is an example of an electrophilic cross-linking anti- cancer agent. With the aid of suitable diagrams, describe the mode of action of cis- Platin. Also explain why trans-platin is inactive.

Question 3. Answer ALL parts of this question
(a) Briefly describe the biochemical mechanisms which are involved in and contribute to cerebral ischemic damage and stroke.