What do you understand by the terms Phase 1 metabolism and Phase 2 metabolism? Use Farxiga (1) to illustrate your answer by identifying at least two possible examples of each class and drawing the structures of the appropriate metabolies.

he glucose sub-structure, as found in (1), may be considered by medicinal chemists as a `privileged scaffold`. Explain what is meant by the term `privileged scaffold` and give the structure of another example.

Re-draw the structure of Farxiga (1), and clearly identify all the

i) acidic,

ii) basic,

iii) hydrogen bond donor.

iv) hydrogen bond acceptor sites in the molecule. Then suggest all the ways in which Farxiga may interact with a receptor.

What is the Lipinski `Rule of 5`? Clearly define any additional symbols or terms that you use. Does Farxiga (1) conform to the Lipinski `Rule of 5`? [Assume C = 12; H = 1; O = 16; Cl = 35.5]

What do you understand by the terms Phase 1 metabolism and Phase 2 metabolism? Use Farxiga (1) to illustrate your answer by identifying at least two possible examples of each class and drawing the structures of the appropriate metabolies.